Organoid intelligence (OI) is a novel and exciting field that aims to create biological computing systems using 3D cultures of human brain cells, also known as brain organoids. In this article, we will explore what organoid intelligence is, how it works, what are its potential applications and challenges, and some real-world examples of OI research. What is organoid intelligence? Organoid intelligence is the ability of brain organoids to exhibit certain behaviors or responses that are indicative of intelligence, such as problem-solving, learning, or adapting to changing environments. Brain organoids are miniature versions of the human brain that are grown in the lab from stem cells. They contain neurons and other brain cells that form connections and networks, similar to the natural brain. Each organoid has about the number of cells one would find in a fruit fly's nervous system and is about one-three-millionth the size of the human brain. How does organoid intelligence work? To ac...